Methods of Analysis ( Top
)
GWALL carries
out two types of analysis within the one program:
- Limit equilibrium
analysis for calculating factors of safety against sliding and
overturning.
- Calculation
of bending moments and shear forces in the stem and base (including
the effect of earth pressures due to compaction), and the bearing
pressure on the base of the wall.
Wall Geometry ( Top
)
A wide variety
of wall geometries can be analysed including variable heel and
toe width, battered front and back faces and a shear key at any
position. Gabion wall geometry can also be entered with up to
20 layers, with varying width, height and offset from the toe.
Soil Properties ( Top
)
Up to 20 soil
strata may be defined. For each stratum the following parameters
may be specified:
- Density
- Friction angle
and cohesion
- Earth pressure
due to compaction
- Earth pressure
coefficients
The program will,
if desired, calculate earth pressure coefficients from values
of soil friction, wall friction, batter angle and backfill angle
given by the user.
Water Pressures ( Top
)
Hydrostatic or
non-hydrostatic water pressure profiles may be defined on both
sides of the wall.
Applied Loads
and Surcharges
( Top
)
Surcharges may
be specified to act on or below the ground surface on the active
side.
Vertical, horizontal
and moment loads may be applied to the top of the wall. Horizontal
and vertical components of anchor load may be applied to the face
of the wall.
Limit States
( Top
)
Both pre-defined EC7 factor
sets, and user defined factor sets can be applied to load cases. Factors are
applied to loads, surcharges and soil properties.
Units ( Top
)
Data may be entered
in any consistent set of units e.g. (kN,m), (lb,feet). All print-out
from the program is automatically annotated in the appropriate
units.
Output ( Top
)
Printed output
from the program consists of the input data followed by details
of the forces, factors of safety, wall pressures, bending moments
and shear forces.
Interactive
graphics ( Top )
Graphical display
of the data shows the shape of the wall, the soil profile, ground
water levels, applied loads and anchor position (if present).
The data can be edited interactively by clicking and dragging.
Results are displayed in the form of bending moment, shear force
and wall pressure diagrams.
Hardware Requirements
(
Top
)
GWALL operates
on all Windows systems. Program files occupy about 3Mb of disk
space. Operation of the program requires about 10Mb of RAM.